Mood disorder caused by a medical condition

Hypothyroidism, Parkinson disease, CNS neoplasm, stroke (especially anterior cerebral artery stroke), dementias, parathyroid disorders

Substance-induced mood disorder

Illicit drugs, alcohol, antihypertensives, corticosteroids, OCPs

Adjustment disorder with depressed mood

A constellation of symptoms that resemble an MDE but does not meet the criteria for MDE Occurs within 3 months of an identifiable stressor

Normal bereavement

Occurs after the loss of a loved one. Involves no severe impairment/suicidality. “Waves” of grief at reminders of loved one

Usually lasts < 6 months; should resolve within 1 year May lead to MDD that requires treatment Illusions/hallucinations of the deceased can be normal as long as the person recognises them as such

Dysthymia

Milder, chronic depression with depressed mood (≥ 2 depressive symptoms) present most of the time for ≥ 2 years; often resistant to treatment