By Dr. Anto Nazarene. Md Physiology.

Lung Volumes and Capacity ! (Must Learn)

• The amount of air that moves into the lungs with each inspiration (or the amount that moves out with each expiration) during quiet breathing is called the tidal volume (TV). Typical values for TV are on the order of 500–750 mL.
• The air inspired with a maximal inspiratory effort in excess of the TV is the inspiratory reserve volume (IRV; typically ~2 L).
• The volume expelled by an active expiratory effort after passive expiration is the expiratory reserve volume (ERV; ~1 L).
• The air left in the lungs after a maximal expiratory effort is the residual volume (RV; ~1.3 L).
• When all four of the above components are taken together, they make up the total lung capacity (~5 L). 
• The vital lung capacity (~3.5 L) refers to the maximum amount of air expired from the fully inflated lung, or maxi- mum inspiratory level (this represents TV + IRV + ERV).
• The inspiratory capacity (~2.5 L) is the maximum amount of air inspired from the end-expiratory level (IRV + TV).
• The functional residual capacity (FRC; ~2.5 L) represents the volume of the air remaining in the lungs after expiration of a normal breath (RV + ERV). 

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