A 70-year-old man who was hospitalized 3 weeks ago for a cerebral infarction is ambulating for the first time. Within minutes of returning to his hospital room, he has sudden onset of dyspnea with diaphoresis. He cannot be resuscitated. The gross appearance of the hilum of the left lung at autopsy is shown in the figure. Which of the following risk factors most likely contributed to this finding?

• Venous stasis
• Pulmonary arterial atherosclerosis
• Lupus anticoagulant
• Bronchopneumonia

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